Autocuidado: mirada de un enfermero portador de VIH vista del otro lado de la puerta / Self-care: look of a nurse with HIV seen from the other side of the door

Las historias de vida muestran una situación en la cual se determina la experiencia adquirida, haciendo de ella el eje del cuidado enfermero coexistiendo para el desarrollo de la práctica. En la presente historia se puede determinar la importancia de poder dirigir al paciente a un autocuidado en su proceso salud-enfermedad, asimismo que, aunque los profesionales están presentes en el cuidado de la persona, cuando cambian los papeles, se puede presentar una nueva incertidumbre generando un escenario completamente nuevo y es ahí, donde las palabras que se dicen al paciente tienen mayor peso, así como las actividades que se realizan para el autocuidado de la salud, demostrando apoyo, empatía, solidaridad y acompañamiento para poder empoderarse en este nuevo cambio del estilo de vida. (AU)

The life stories show a situation in which the acquired experience is determined, making it the axis of nursing care coexisting for the development of the practice, in the present story the importance of being able to direct the patient to self-care in their health-disease process, likewise that, although the professionals are present in the care of the person, when the roles change, a new uncertainty can arise. Generating a completely new scenario and that is where the words that are said to the patient have greater weight, as well as the activities that are carried out for self-care of health, demonstrating support, empathy, solidarity, accompaniment, in order to be empowered in this new change. of the lifestyle. (AU)

El liderazgo del estudiante de enfermería Mexicano y su importancia en la investigación / The Leadership of the Mexican Nursing Student and its Importance in Research

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Experiencia de una mujer mexicana que dedicó su vida a la partería / Experience of a Mexican woman who dedicated her life to midwifery

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Dimensions of Community Assets for Health. A Systematised Review and Meta-Synthesis.

Since Aaron Antonovsky's salutogenesis theory and Morgan and Ziglio's health assets model were first proposed, there has been a growing concern to define the resources available to the individual and the community to maintain or improve health and well-being. The aim of the present study was to identify the dimensions that characterise community assets for health. To this end, we conducted a systematised review with a meta-synthesis and content analysis of research or projects involving asset mapping in the community. Articles that met our eligibility criteria were: (1) based on the salutogenic approach and (2) described an assets mapping process and among their results, explained what, how and why particular community assets for health had been selected. The search included primary studies in the published and grey literature which were selected from websites and electronic databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Dialnet, SciELO). Of the 607 records examined by a single reviewer, 34 were included in the content analysis and 14 in the qualitative synthesis. Using an inductive process, we identified 14 dimensions with 24 categories, for which in-depth literature reviews were then carried out to define specific indicators and items. These dimensions were: utility, intention, previous use, accessibility ("circumstances-opportunity-affordability"), proximity-walkability, connectivity, intelligibility (visibility, transparency), identity (uniqueness, appropriability, attachment), design (configuration, functionality, comfort), safety (objective/subjective), diversity, the dimension of public and private, and sustainability (which includes maintenance, profitability or economic sustainability, environmental sustainability, centrality-participation and equity-inclusiveness).

Consumo de cigarrillos en estudiantes de Técnico Auxiliar de Enfermería en Teziutlán en tiempos de evaluación / Cigarette smoking among Nursing Assistant students in Teziutlán at times of evaluation

Objetivo: describir el consumo de tabaco en estudiantes de nivel técnico de Enfermería de Teziutlán (Puebla, México) durante el periodo de exámenes. Así mismo se evaluaron diferencias en función del sexo, el tipo de familia y el curso académico.Método: estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en marzo de 2020 en dos escuelas de Enfermería de Teziutlán. Para unan= 936 se estimó una muestra de 460 personas. Se llevó a cabo un muestreo por conveniencia. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas (edad, sexo, curso académico, tipo de familia) y el cuestionario para la clasificación de consumidores de cigarrillos (C4) para jóvenes que establece cuatro niveles de consumo: bajo, moderado, alto y dependiente. Se realizaron índices de estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariantes.Resultados: participaron 552 estudiantes (media 17 años) de los cuales el 60,8% (n= 336) era fumador [55% de las mujeres (n= 160) y 68% de los hombres (n= 260); p< 0,001]. De ellos el 65% (n= 218) tenía un nivel moderado de consumo. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas(p= 0,001) en el consumo en función del tipo de familia, mayor en monoparentales maternas [47,7% (n= 160)]. No hubo diferencias en el nivel de consumo en función del curso, ni del sexo (p> 0,05).Conclusión: la proporción de estudiantes técnicos de Enfermería que fuman en tiempo de evaluación es alta y superior en hombres que en mujeres. El nivel de consumo (C4) es habitualmente moderado y varía en función del tipo de familia, pero no del curso ni del sexo.(AU)

Objective: to describe the use of tobacco among students of Nursing at technical level in Teziutlán (Puebla, Mexico) during the exam period. Likewise, differences were assessed based on gender, type of family, and academic year.Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on March, 2020 in two Nursing schools from Teziutlán. A sample of 460 persons was estimated for a n= 936. Convenience sampling was conducted. Sociodemographic variables were collected (age, gender, academic year, type of family), and the questionnaire for classification of cigarette users (C4) for young persons, which determines four levels of use: low, moderate, high, and dependent. Descriptive statistical indexes and bivariate analyses were applied.Results: the study included 552 students (mean 17 years old); 60.8% of them (n= 336) were smokers [55% of women (n= 160) and 68% of men (n= 260); p< 0.001]. Out of these, 65% (n= 218) had a moderate level of use. Statistically significant differences in use (p= 0.001) were found based on type of family: it was higher in those with a single female parent [4.7% (n= 160)]. No differences were found in the level of use based on the academic course or gender (p> 0.05).Conclusion: there is a high proportion of Nursing assistant students who smoke during the time of evaluation, and this is higher among men than in women. The level of use (C4) is typically moderate, and varies based on type of family, but not on academic year or gender.(AU)

Proceso de enfermería a embarazada con infección de vías urinarias y amenaza de aborto / A Nursing Process for a Pregnant Woman with Urinary Tract Infection and Threatened Miscarriage

Introducción: La infección de vías urinarias es recurrente en el embarazo y generadora de complicaciones. Objetivo: Presentar un plan de cuidados enfermero a una mujer con diagnóstico infección de vías urinarias y amenaza de aborto Métodos: Caso clínico de paciente admitida en unidad de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital General de Teziutlán, Puebla, México, durante 2019. Siguiendo la lógica del proceso de enfermería, la valoración se fundamentó en los patrones funcionales de salud de Marjory Gordon. Fueron utilizadas las terminologías normalizadas de enfermería: Diagnósticos (NANDA.int). Resultados (NOC) e Intervenciones (NIC). Resultados: Se identificaron cuatro diagnósticos de enfermería: deterioro de la eliminación urinaria, gestión ineficaz de la propia salud, disposición para mejorar la nutrición y riesgo de alteración de la díada materno/fetal, este último diagnóstico principal. Además, un Resultado NOC (Conocimiento: Control de Infección), cuatro indicadores y la escala de nunca a siempre demostrado; cuatro Intervenciones NIC, con 19 actividades. La evaluación transitó desde 12 (puntuación inicial) a 19 (puntuación final), de 20 como puntuación diana. Conclusión: La integración de las taxonomías NANDA, NIC, NOC y los patrones funcionales de salud de Marjory Gordon permitió diseñar el plan de cuidado de la embarazada, fueron articulados diagnósticos, resultados e intervenciones de enfermería que favorecieron la relación enfermera-paciente-contexto sociocultural, para llevar el cuidado hasta una concepción sistémica que permita el seguimiento y control de la embarazada(AU)

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is recurrent in pregnancy and causes complications. Objective: To present a nursing care plan provided to a woman with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection and threatened miscarriage. Methods: Clinical case of a patient admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics unit of General Hospital of Teziutlán (Puebla, Mexico) during 2019. Following the logic of the nursing process, the assessment was based on Marjory Gordon's functional health patterns. The standard nursing terminologies were used: diagnostics (NANDA-I), outcomes (NOC) and interventions (NIC). Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified: deterioration of urinary elimination, ineffective self-health management, willingness to improve nutrition, and risk for alterations in maternal-fetal dyad, the latter being the main diagnosis. In addition, a NOC outcome (knowledge: infection control), four indicators and the never-to-always scale upon demonstration, as well as four NIC interventions, with nineteen activities, were obtained. Evaluation ranged from twelve (initial score) to nineteen (final score), with twenty as target score. Conclusion: The integration of the NANDA, NIC and NOC taxonomies together with the Marjory Gordon's functional health patterns allowed the design of the pregnant woman's care plan, with an articulation between nursing diagnoses, outcomes and interventions, which favored the nurse-patient-sociocultural context relationship, up to considering care based on a systemic conception that allows monitoring and control of the pregnant woman(AU)

Adopción del rol materno en madres primigestas de acuerdo con el tipo de familia / Adaptation to the maternal role in primiparous mothers according to type of family

OBJETIVO: identificar la influencia del tipo de familia, así como de las características sociodemográficas y de salud en la adopción del rol materno (ARM) de madres primigestas del municipio de Teziutlán, Puebla (México). MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en el Centro de Salud con Servicios con Ampliados de Teziutlán, con una población de estudio de 726 mujeres primigestas. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, se incluyó a madres con hijos entre 1 y 12 meses que acudieron a consulta entre agosto y noviembre de 2019. Instrumentos de medida: cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos, familiares, del embarazo y la escala de ARM (nivel bajo (56 a 180 puntos), medio (181 a 202 puntos) y alto (203 a 224 puntos)). Se realizaron índices de estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariantes. RESULTADOS: participaron 126 madres. La ARM fue adquirida con mayor frecuencia niveles altos en mujeres entre 13 y 19 años (28,6%) o 30 a 52 (28,6%), amas de casa (26,8%) y con estudios de secundaria (27%), que tenían relación de pareja en unión libre (25,9%) o casada (22,2%), de duración igual o mayor a cuatro años (25,6%) y vivían en familia extensa con la familia de origen (28,6%). También en aquellas que planificaron su embarazo (36%), siguieron citas prenatales (27%) y no tenían abortos previos (23,8%). CONCLUSIÓN: la ARM varía en función del tipo de familia, viéndose favorecida por las relaciones de pareja superiores a cuatro años y la convivencia con la familia de la madre. También lo hace en función de otras características sociodemográficas y relacionadas con el embarazo

OBJECTIVE: to identify the influence of the type of family, as well as of sociodemographical and health characteristics, in the adaptation to the maternal role (AMR) in primiparous mothers from the Teziutlán district, in Puebla (Mexico). METHODS: a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Teziutlán Public Health Centre with Expanded Services, on a study population of 726 primiparous women. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, including mothers with 1-to-12-month children who attended the centre between August and November, 2019. Measurement instruments: questionnaire for sociodemographical, family and pregnancy data, and the ARM scale (low level: (56 to 180 scores), intermediate: (181 to 202 scores), and high level (203 to 224 scores)). Descriptive statistical indexes and bivariate analysis were conducted. RESULTS: the study included 126 mothers. High levels in ARM were more frequently obtained in 13-to-19-year-old (28.6%) or 30-to-52-year old women (28.6%), homemakers (26.8%) and with secondary education (27%), on a consensual union couple relationship (25.9%) or married (22.2%), for four years or longer (25.6%) and living with their extended family of origin (28.6%). Also in those who planned their pregnancy (36%), followed their prenatal appointments (27%) and had no previous miscarriages (23.8%). CONCLUSION: the ARM varies according to type of family, and increases when the couple relationship has lasted over four years and by living with the family of the mother. There are other sociodemographical and pregnancy-related characteristics which will also have a positive impact